January 22, 2018 /

Like cholesterol guidelines, blood pressure guidelines are an essential part of the daily work of all physicians. While primary care physicians are often the ones who provide initial counseling and treatment, monitoring a patient’s blood pressure is a responsibility of …
Continue reading



March 31, 2017 /

This week, Knowmedge chief editor Dr Sunir Kumar (@DrSunir) has been delivering real-time updates from the American College of Physicians’ Internal Medicine conference, taking place in San Diego from March 28 to April 1, 2017. Review these 18 Cardiology pearls to get ready for your board exam!
Continue reading



February 20, 2017 /

Advise people that the aim of anti-anginal drug treatment is to prevent episodes of angina and the aim of secondary prevention treatment is to prevent cardiovascular events such as heart attack and stroke.
Continue reading



January 17, 2017 /

The Eighth Joint National Committee (JNC 8) recently released evidence-based recommendations on treatment thresholds, goals, and medications in the management of hypertension in adults.
Continue reading



December 25, 2016 /

Although the initial management of the different types of acute coronary syndrome is similar, it is important to distinguish between whether the patient is having an episode of Unstable Angina, ST-elevation MI or a non–STEMI (NSTEMI), because definitive therapies differ between these three types.
Continue reading



November 25, 2016 /

General Internal Medicine is commonly covered on USMLE, ABIM, ABFM and PANCE boards. Thus, whenever new clinical guidelines are issued it’s important to know for taking care of patients and exam preparation alike.
Continue reading



February 14, 2016 /

Below is a review of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, to help prepare you for the USMLE Steps, Internal Medicine In-Training Exam (ITE), ABIM, and PANCE boards. As we approach Valentine’s Day, you’ve probably seen cartoon, oversized hearts pounding out of lovestruck couples …
Continue reading



August 29, 2014 /

Happy Friday! It’s been a while since we’ve put up a internal medicine board review question. This one is straight out of the Internal Medicine QBank!   21-year-old female presents to the ED for pain in her chest with deep …
Continue reading



April 15, 2014 /

Whether you’re in medical school lectures, clerkships, internal medicine residency, or studying for a board exam, it’s one of the most frustrating Internal Medicine topics to master. We’re of course talking about cardiac murmurs. Understanding them requires a consideration of …
Continue reading



April 6, 2014 /

Following up on our earlier post this week detailing the new changes in the JNC8 blood pressure target guidelines, we close out #CardioWeek with a look at another high-yield board topic, secondary hypertension. Compared to primary hypertension, secondary hypertension is …
Continue reading